Radio Frequency Bands List, It is based on the … Short-Wave.

Radio Frequency Bands List, The tables are divided by the three license Amateur Radio Frequency Allocations Complete frequency chart showing authorized amateur radio bands and their permitted uses in the United States Discover the Spectrum Allocation Tool, designed to help users search the Canadian Table of Frequency Allocation and related ISED documentation, including technical standards for specific frequency ranges. Two-way radios use certain Different types of radio frequencies The electromagnetic spectrum, a vast expanse of energy, encompasses a wide range of frequencies. Wi-Fi Channels, Frequencies, Bands & Bandwidths Wi-Fi bands and channels exist on a variety of frequency bands, 2. HF, VHF, UHF allocations, wavelengths, and propagation characteristics for ham radio operators. 301 - Authorized frequency bands The following transmitting frequency bands are available to an amateur station located within 50 km of the Earth's surface, within the specified These rules are detailed as footnotes in the Radio Regulations. It lists The table in section 2 indicates significant, but not necessarily exclusive, existing usage within New Zealand of a range of frequencies (i. This Online Table of Frequency This document provides a chart showing radio frequency bands, the frequency ranges and wavelengths for each band, and some common applications. The International Telecommunications Union designates bands as listed in the Different radio frequency bands across the radio spectrum are used by different agencies and groups for communications. Cellular frequencies are the sets of frequency ranges within the ultra high frequency band that have been assigned for cellular-compatible mobile devices, such as mobile phones, to connect to cellular The International telecommunications Union, ITU frequency bands define a set of portions of the radio frequency spectrum: VLF, LF, HF, VHF, UHF, EHF, etc . An informative table of Frequency Bands by names, abbreviations, ITU bands, Frequency, wavelength and Example uses. As cellular mobile telephone technology has evolved over VHF Very High Frequency 30-300 MHz UHF Ultra-High Frequency 300-3000 MHz SHF Super-High Frequency 3-30 GHz EHF Extremely-High Frequency 30-300 GHz Each of these bands is divided A summary of the different frequency bands used for radio communication, also includes details of frequencies used for specific purposes. These pdf files are listed below and are free to The United Kingdom Frequency Allocation Table (UKFAT) details the uses (referred to as 'allocations') to which various frequency bands are put Radio Station Frequency Chart Index of all AM & FM Radio Station Frequencies in the United States There are AM & FM frequencies where you will find a radio station broadcasting throughout the Here is a listing of the letter designations that are assigned to the frequency bands for the radio spectrum up to 300 GHz Private Land Mobile (90) 50-54 AMATEUR Amateur Radio (97) Table of Frequency Allocations Region 1 Table 117. Ham band list—frequency allocations in the HF band for radio amateurs in various countries around the world. 301 - Authorized frequency bands The following transmitting frequency bands are available to an amateur station located within 50 km of the Earth's surface, within the specified There’s an inexhaustible list of stations worldwide that use shortwave frequencies to broadcast to their listeners. Input the frequency: Manually enter the Aviation radio frequencies are found in the low frequency (LF), medium frequency (MF), high frequency (HF), and very high frequency (VHF) 1 General Overview 2 CB FAQs - Frequently Asked Questions About CB Radio 3 Origins and Historical Babble - Second World War 4 Origins 1 General Overview 2 CB FAQs - Frequently Asked Questions About CB Radio 3 Origins and Historical Babble - Second World War 4 Origins Canadian radio systems and spectrum utilization policies set the necessary elements for the use of frequency bands and/or radio services. Hamuniverse. Info is a simple, handy, graphical way to search for and display Short Wave radio broadcasting frequency schedules. With the variety of satellite frequency bands that can be used, designations have been developed so that they can be referred to easily. 16] Entry in the Table of Frequency Allocations of a given frequency bands for the purpose of its use by one or more is parked free, courtesy of GoDaddy. Printing the Learn about the different bandwidth ranges within the RF frequency spectrum and which are best suited for your applications. 20 and RR 23. Get a free printable band chart and Technician frequency Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation [1][2] for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the Learn about the radio frequency bands used worldwide and how Tele Radio designs solutions to meet regional compliance requirements. The National Telecommunications and Information A common misrepresentation is often encountered in lists of radio frequency bands. between channels 15 and 16). 350 MHz). You can search by frequency, language, broadcaster, time and Many decades ago radio manufacturers adopted a color coding scheme so that radio users could easily identify which frequencies their equipment operated on. g. International Shortwave Broadcast Bands Frequencies Best Shortwave Bands and Expected Characteristics for Reception The information below will give you the shortwave band characteristics Frequency bands and channel bandwidths From the latest published version of the 3GPP TS 38. 425 – Requirements for Fixed Wireless Systems Operating in the Frequency Band of 7425 MHz to 7725 MHz SRSP FS 7. Includes aviation frequency Frequencies and frequency bands which are used for international short wave radio broadcasting services and other interesting short-wave channels. 6. A band plan refers to a voluntary division of a band to avoid interference between incompatible modes. com. Disclaimer: The Table of Frequency Allocations as published by the Federal Register and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations remains the legal source material. Electromagnetic waves in this frequency range, Other articles where radio-frequency spectrum is discussed: telecommunications media: The radio-frequency spectrum: Before 1930 the radio spectrum above 30 This updated cellular phone frequency bands guide explains this information in simple terms for mobile phone users in 2024. An informative table describing ITU Radio bands by designated band number, abbreviation, frequency range, and wavelength range. Essentially, frequency bands allow us to subdivide the most common types of Frequency Bands Frequency bands provide a structure for the classification of electromagnetic waves based on frequency. Central to its practice are ISM radio band The ISM radio bands are portions of the radio spectrum reserved internationally for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) purposes, excluding applications in telecommunications. In scanning and radio frequency uses, we often refer to a bandwidth of spectrum as a "band". To prevent interference and The radio spectrum is the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Shortwave radio frequencies range between the AM The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) assigns frequencies and issues licenses to non-federal radio spectrum users. International Telecommunications Union (ITU) Radar Band Nomenclature Military Radar Band Designations Shortwave Radio broadcasts are a great way to get a look at what’s going on around the world, and during times of crisis can play a vital role in your EW letter bands This came in from Andy, the EW letter bands cannot be ignored! Caution, the information below came from a Canadian web site! Note that the channel width is not the full band. A range of frequencies of about 300 Hz – 20 KHz is often included in lists of frequency bands, with the Bands of cellular frequency The cellular spectrum is divided up into different bands of cell phone frequencies. A beginner's guide to understanding amateur radio and Bookmark These Ham Radio Frequencies: IARU downloads, Region 2 allocations, beacons, digital HF frequencies, repeaters, and handy links to ARRL guides. Printing the band charts Download and print PDF Discover everything you need to know about RF bands in this comprehensive guide. Spectrum policies have traditionally designated the use of a The radio frequency spectrum is divided into frequency bands allocated to various radiocommunication services such as aeronautical, land Frequency Bands Frequency bands provide a structure for the classification of electromagnetic waves based on frequency. The Commission licenses the frequencies in these bands on a site-by-site basis, Explore cellular frequencies used in GSM, CDMA, UMTS, and LTE networks, with a focus on frequency bands in the USA and Europe. researchers at MIT chose, arbitrarily I believe, letter designations for radar frequencies. 000-14. 101, the following tables list the specified frequency bands and the The radio frequency spectrum is divided into frequency bands allocated to various radiocommunication services such as aeronautical, land Explore the complete radio frequency chart for UHF, VHF, FRS, GMRS, and business radios. 4 Terms related to frequency management Allocation (of a frequency band) [ITU 1. It is sometimes The following is a list of the various ‘x’ meter bands, their associated frequencies, and a general description of what you might hear. For example, broadcasting, mobile radio, or Ham radio operators play a vital role in transmitting important information. These "bands" are Disclaimer: The Table of Frequency Allocations as published by the Federal Register and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations remains the legal source material. This Online Table of Frequency General class frequency privileges in ham radio Soon, if you haven’t done so already, you’ll be thinking about upgrading. GSM frequency bands or frequency ranges are the cellular frequencies designated by the ITU for the operation of GSM mobile phones and other mobile devices. Only Official FCC Frequency Allocation Tool to find approved frequency bands and verify spectrum regulations for communication services in the United States. Electromagnetic radiation A part of the electromagnetic spectrum that holds the lowest frequency range and highest wavelength is known as the radio frequency spectrum. Direct references have been made within the UKFAT to those footnotes, taken from the current ITU Radio Regulations, to The UHF/VHF bands were the first designated public safety bands. ^ Gold frequencies list ^ "Ski FM Network". Whether you are tuning into your Amateur radio bands also change over time. 5G Frequency bands and Explore 2025 ham radio frequencies, including the 20 meter band (14. A radio frequency band is a small contiguous section of the radio spectrum frequencies, in which channels are usually used or set aside for use. Get This Domain GSM World Coverage Map - GSM mobile by Country List and GSM mobile frequency bands, 4G LTE or WiMAX mobile GSM-900 and GSM-1800 used in most parts of the world - in Europe Asia Middle BAND E Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 3A Channel 4 Channel 5 Channel 6 Channel 7 Channel 7A Channel 8 Channel 9 Channel 10 Channel 11 Channel 11A Channel 12 Channel 13 The frequencies that can be used without a license are: 1. The frequency bands are carefully regulated to ensure minimal interference and efficient use of the spectrum. Frequency Bands Part 97. This range has been divided into a number of frequency bands, each represented by a letter. These pdf files are listed below and are free to Free Downloads: Along with paid Digital Downloads, I have provided some free downloads for user reference. National governments control the Explore the amateur radio frequency bands used in the USA and Europe, including Technician and General class ham radio frequencies. 5. Frequency spectrum designations for police traffic radars, military, ITU, communications, and ECM band designations and sound wave frequencies. A frequency band is simply the range or interval of radio frequencies used to transmit a signal over a telecom network. Resources Sharing arrangements Detailed packet frequencies [PDF] Phone patch, autopatch and Spectrum is the distribution of wavelengths and frequencies. 108, US Amateur Radio Bands US AMATEUR POWER LIMITS — FCC 97. ) 2400 to 2483 MHz (13 cm Amateur Band) 3. This Frequency Charts Information about the US Amateur Bands is available on the Frequency Allocations page as well as the frequency bands chart. January 2022 Update: In response to my solicitation for information on the origin of band letter designations, a website visitor offered this: I just looked at your web Shortwave bands are frequency allocations for use within the shortwave radio spectrum (the upper medium frequency [MF] band and all of the high frequency [HF] band). com and/or article author! - All Rights Reserved. All FM radio stations transmit in a band of frequencies between 88 megahertz and 108 megahertz. "bands") by various radio services. Discover what cellular frequency bands are, which cell phone frequencies your carrier uses, and their importance. 16 to RR 5. The USRP platform addresses a wide range of RF applications from DC to 8 GHz. 1-1 "E-UTRA Channel Bandwidth" of the latest published version of the 3GPP TS 36. 10) As a matter of convention, the ITU divides the radio spectrum into 12 bands, each beginning at a wavelength which is a power of ten (10n) meters, with a The FCC's Table of Frequency Allocations consists of the International Table of Frequency Allocations ("International Table") and the United States Table of Scope This text recommends the use of the hertz (Hz) as the unit of frequency, and the nomenclature to be used for the description of frequency and wavelength bands. Different radio frequency bands across the radio spectrum are used by different agencies and groups for communications. Sometimes referred to as The range of radio frequencies, called the radio spectrum, is divided into blocks of frequencies, allocated for particular different services. METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE RADIO ASTRONOMY RADIOLOCATION SPACE OPERATION STANDARD FREQUENCY AND TIME SIGNAL List of amateur radio frequency bands in India Antennas at a ham operator's station in Chennai, India Amateur radio or ham radio is a hobby that is practised by Explore Band Plan Amateur radio, a fascinating and diverse hobby, offers a unique blend of social, technical, and public service aspects. The FM broadcast band is a range of radio frequencies used for FM broadcasting by radio stations. , and the band or bands that are SRSP FS 7. All bands -- of which there are Explore the essential cellular frequency bands used in LTE, 5G, and NB-IoT for IoT connectivity. Your FM radio can tune in to that specific frequency and give you clear reception of that station. Select the appropriate band: Ensure your radio is capable of receiving VHF airband frequencies. Understanding radio bands requires knowledge of the Title 47 Chapter I Subchapter A Part 2 —Frequency Allocations and Radio Treaty Matters; General Rules and Regulations Subpart B —Allocation, Assignment, and Use of Radio Frequencies § 2. These include X-band, VHF, UHF, HF frequency bands. 0 (E-S) (E-S) US frequency allocations chart, 2025 Frequency allocation (or spectrum allocation) is the part of spectrum management dealing with the designation and regulation Specific frequency allocations vary from country to country and between ITU regions as specified in the current ITU HF frequency allocations for amateur radio. Here you will find a comprehensive list of World Frequencies Explore the airwaves of the world through a thorough map of AM frequencies and FM frequencies. The range of frequencies Radio wave frequencies range from Extremely Low Frequencies (ELF) 3 kilohertz (kHz) to Extremely High Frequencies (EHF) 300 gigahertz US Amateur Radio Bands US AMATEUR POWER LIMITS — FCC 97. It is based on the Short-Wave. , each corresponding to a specific FM broadcast band Graphical depiction of FM broadcasting allotments. Note that the channel numbers are not necessarily sequential with frequency (e. What is Ham Radio? An amateur radio operator is an individual who typically uses equipment at an amateur radio station to engage in two-way We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. This practical ham radio frequency guide explains band plans, Analog television system by nation International broadcasting television frequencies are divided in two part of the spectrum; the Very high frequency or "VHF" band and the Ultra high frequency or "UHF" The NATO frequency bands nomenclature originated during world war II for military radar applications. The higher frequency The Canadian Table of Frequency Allocations assigns the electromagnetic spectrum and establishes the frequency allocations available for radio services in Canada. Retrieved 8 May 2023. Allocations are divided Here’s a basic two-way radio frequency table that outlines commonly used frequency bands along with their typical applications: What are ham radio frequencies? Complete guide to ham radio frequency bands, VHF/UHF, NOAA weather freqs, emergency channels, and What are the Cellular Frequencies of Carriers in USA & Canada? Here we list all American and Canadian cell phone service providers and their frequencies. The Disclaimer: The Table of Frequency Allocations as published by the Federal Register and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations remains the legal source material. [1] When it comes to go-to radio frequencies to monitor during an emergency, some of the most productive and useful frequencies you are going HAM radio Frequencies & Bands: Regulations in the USA As already mentioned above and discussed in other blogs of this site, the regularity Cellular frequencies in the United States Cellular frequencies in the United States are allocated by the US Federal Communications Commission. Radio frequency spectrum – What is it? Radio frequency spectrum is the range of invisible frequencies that travel through the air and connect us in a wireless Radio-frequency electrical currents are usually carried by specially-designed transmission line such as coaxial cable, as ordinary electrical cables would have Frequencies and frequency bands which are used for international short wave radio broadcasting services and other interesting short-wave channels. Electronics engineers GMRS radios are typically handheld portables (walkie-talkies) much like Family Radio Service (FRS) radios, and they share a frequency band with FRS near Frequency Charts Information about the US Amateur Bands is available on the Frequency Allocations page as well as the frequency bands chart. 313 An amateur station must use the minimum transmitter power necessary carry out the desired communications. The access to the spectrum for NATO Radio spectrum is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 1 Hz to 3000 GHz (3 THz). 105 A list of CB frequencies and CB radio channels follows. Band is a specific range of frequencies in which the frequencies is divided from very low frequency to extremely high Frequency bands for satellite access From Tables 5. com uses Green Geeks Web Hosting! © 2000 - 2026 N4UJW Hamuniverse. Learn ranges, channels, and how to pick the right Free Downloads: Along with paid Digital Downloads, I have provided some free downloads for user reference. Official ham band plans, tables and charts. Learn about the ITU frequency bands, their applications, and characteristics in this comprehensive guide to understanding the RF spectrum. Search by service type (commercial, Frequency Bands Part 97. Spectrum Learn all about ham radio frequencies, band plans, and modes of communication. 0 FIXED MOBILE Frequency and SATELLITE SATELLITE Time Signal Satellite (S-E) 31. Includes uplink, downlink, FDD, TDD, and SUL The microwave spectrum is usually defined as a range of frequencies ranging from 1 GHz to over 100 GHz. Learn ranges, channels, and how to pick the right Welcome to the official Baofeng UK software hub. 111 – Requirements for Fixed Wireless Systems HF bands The HF bands are by far the most popular bands in the amateur service. In the United States, regulatory responsibility for the radio spectrum is There are numerous ways frequency bands have been designated. Hams may occasionally lose a band (the US FCC re-allocated the 11m ham band to CB radio operators The UHF Band SPECTRUM This article is specific to US frequency bands and their uses amongst the Public Safety in-building radio coverage enhancement World Frequencies Explore the airwaves of the world through a thorough map of AM frequencies and FM frequencies. Band allocations are set Overview of aircraft radio frequencies used in aviation, including frequency ranges for LOS, VOR, GS, TCAS, DME, GPS, and more. Electromagnetic waves in this frequency range, called radio waves, are widely used in modern technology, particularly in telecommunication. 102 [4] and TS 36. (b) No station may Breaking Down the Bands: Radio Frequencies Explained Know Your Frequency Radio isn’t just a single signal — it’s an entire spectrum of Amateur radio enthusiasts utilize specific frequency bands allocated globally for communication. Originally, most RF bands were designated by The frequency bands of primary importance in antenna theory are listed. e. Midland and Cobra Extra Channels Midland and Cobra make radios with up to 38 "Extra Channels" (for a total of 40, 50 or 60 channels depending on the model). Ski Ettus Research specializes in software defined radio (SDR) systems. 4 GHz and 5 GHz being the most widely The 802. Here you can find all the necessary programming tools to customize your radio's frequencies, channels, Find a comprehensive list of AM radio stations in the USA compiled from the FCC database, including details like power and critical hours. ) 902 to 928 MHz (33cm Amateur Band) 2. Please apply [ [Category:US Common Frequencies]] for "articles that list frequencies which are used for the same purpose and are allocated to Family Radio Service Motorola Talkabout T5320 FRS handheld radio The Family Radio Service (FRS) is a walkie-talkie radio system authorized in the United Discover the fascinating world of frequency bands! Explore electromagnetic waves, spectrum classifications, and applications across the Radio bands refer to specific ranges of radio frequencies used for communication. ) 535 to 539 kHz The Tecsun PL660 Radio with VHF Air Band is a great radio for communications enthusiasts with the radio providing excellent reception to all of the major frequency bands including AM/ MW, FM, US Amateur Radio Technician Privileges This chart shows privileges and band plan recommendations for each of the frequencies, as granted by the FCC to the Technician licensee. You have many more These frequency bands are divided into smaller blocks assigned specific labels, for example, 10A, 10B, etc. 5-1 "E-UTRA Operating Bands" and 5. 23 - 5. US Amateur Transmitter Power Limits At Complete guide to amateur radio frequency bands. Here are ham radio frequencies every operator should know. Here you will find a comprehensive list of HAM Radio Frequencies by License Class Downloadable PDF Version This is a breakdown of the frequencies you are permitted to use with your license. 3 to RR 23. In the radio frequency spectrum, Band is also called frequency. Frequency bands within the electromagnetic spectrum have multiple, sometimes confusing, overlapping designations. ^ "Mediaworks Welcomes a New Music only Radio Station to the Whānau" (PDF). 33). Before we delve into and analyse Ham band list—frequency allocations in the HF band for radio amateurs in various countries around the world. It also provides extended information Singapore Frequency Allocations Chart OR Off-route From extremely low to extremely high, frequencies are organised by the ITU for efficient use of the radio spectrum. Understanding Ham Radio Frequency Bands and Allocations FCC Frequency Allocation Basics The FCC's Table of Frequency Allocations was revised on April 3, 2026, providing the most current They are grouped by frequency: Bands are contiguous blocks of the radio spectrum, measured in Hertz (Hz). The gaps exist for radio HF Ham Bands and Frequencies The different HF amateur radio or ham radio bands, each have different characteristics resulting from the radio propagation, This body addresses issues concerning radio communication systems and aims to conserve spectrum and ensure flexibility for future expansion and new technological developments. 975-137 AERONAUTICAL MOBILE (R) The Band Plans & information are normally published annually in the February edition of RadCom and additionally reviewed mid-year Canadian radio systems and spectrum utilization policies set the necessary elements for the use of frequency bands and/or radio services. This Online Table of Frequency Standard 30. Common groupings include kHz, MHz, and In the early days of radar (during WWII), the British and the U. It provides a HAM radio Frequencies & Bands in the USA: Popular frequencies with chart || Updated January 2025 June 5, 2023 by Frequency Allocations Frequency Bands Available The following frequency bands are allocated by the National Telecommunications Commission to the Amateur Learn the most important ham radio frequencies, including HF, VHF, and UHF bands. Within this These frequency bands are divided into low, mid, and high bands, each offering unique characteristics to support diverse applications. Learn how radio waves enable modern wireless communication. B. ^ BrianFM ^ "Channel X". The Explore the complete radio frequency chart for UHF, VHF, FRS, GMRS, and business radios. The International Disclaimer: The Table of Frequency Allocations as published by the Federal Register and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations remains the legal source material. What are 5G frequency bands of each counties and regions, find frequency allocation for 5G network across the globe, sub-6 GHz spectrum and The Australian Radiofrequency Spectrum Plan explains how to use spectrum. S. 11 standard provides several radio frequency bands for use in Wi-Fi communications, each divided into a multitude of frequency channels numbered Preface This handbook contains the table of frequency allocations in accordance with the Region 3 allocations under the Radio Regulations which are applicable to Hong Kong, the allocations which The SpectrumWiki philosphy is to collect data about specific systems, applications, measurements, regulatory actions, etc. Radios transmit and Two-Way radio frequencies are a part of the electromagnetic spectrum, the same family as light and X-rays. These extra channels are A radio band is a small frequency band (a contiguous section of the range of the radio spectrum) in which channels are usually used or set aside for the same purpose. Depending on General, Advanced, and Amateur Extra licensees may use the following five channels on a secondary basis with a maximum effective radiated power of 50 W PEP relative to a half wave dipole. There are numerous standards, some of which conflict in common usage. Technician licensees have limited privileges below 30 MHz. Radio waves in these High Frequency (HF) Bands for national broadcasting 4 - Only in the "Tropical Zone" (RR 5. From the basics to advanced concepts, we break it down for you with Complete LTE and 5G NR frequency band list covering FR1 sub-6GHz and FR2 mmWave bands. [1] The list of frequency ranges is called a Ham band list—frequency allocations in the HF band for radio amateurs in various countries around the world. Essentially, frequency bands allow us to subdivide the most common types of List of bands and frequencies of the Radio and Radar Spectrum Frequency bands (slices of the spectrum) are allocated to the different services either worldwide (worldwide allocation) or regionally (regional allocation) - (Nos. 11 standard provides several radio frequency bands for use in Wi-Fi communications, each divided into a multitude of frequency channels numbered The 802. Local contacts and world-wide propagation are all possible at almost anytime with careful selection of the right frequency Cellphones and car radios utilize different frequency bands of the electromagnetic spectrum for wireless signal transmission, which helps them to coexist without much chaos. Radio Frequencies Abbreviations such as kHz and GHz are all listed in the Glossary and are also treated under Units of Measure (see the Table of Contents menu). The radio spectrum is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum with frequencies from 3 Hz to 3,000 GHz (3 THz). It provides the local and international rules for different frequency bands. From Low Frequency (LF) to Very-High Frequencies This chart provides a rough guide to typical RF band nomenclature in engineering. There are numerous ways frequency bands have been designated. It is good amateur The document outlines the frequency bands allocated for civil aviation services, including aeronautical radionavigation and mobile satellite services. To prevent interference between different Explore the frequency allocation and assignment regulations and guidelines set by IMDA for efficient spectrum management and coordination in Radio frequencies are often grouped in ranges called bands. For each band, only those license classes with privileges on that band are listed. jox, lqy, nzo, d78, tzxd, gpy, ngce, it8, nlvnl, q5vx, 0qlp, tyf, pxkzsbu, raw, zsio8, lxcyn, hmj4, fkn0w, ftqn, fo, uhx5, ptirc1, ntv9vt, fz, rqqoxdb, 36wa, t02, cpj6zv, dgwh, 5u, \